DESCRIPTION

Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) refers to the general equipment of a substation in a metal enclosure filled with high-insulation SF6 gas and connected to the ground, which includes a circuit breaker, disconnecting switches, earthing switches, and peripheral devices (e.g., current transformer, voltage transformer, and lightning arrester). It can be installed in a small space in cities or buildings. Ensuring reliable and stable operation and good maintainability, it is especially suited for polluted and/or salty seashore areas.

 

FEATURES

 

  • Compact Design

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The installation space that is required is about 1/10~1/20th than that of conventional air-insulated substations which makes it possible to install GIS within a building.

 
  • Safety

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Enhanced insulating properties and reduced long-term operational costs by means of a sealed metal enclosure filled with SF6 gas which assures first-rate reliability, thus making it suitable for highly populated and urban areas.

 
  • Superior Reliability

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Personnel safety is ensured by an earthed enclosure, numerous interlocks, and lockout devices. Greater stability is provided during earthquakes and the perfect enclosure protects from loss or damage from salt, dirt, weather, and lightning. While the SF6 gas insulation prevents deterioration, the partition of the gas prevents accidents from occurring.

 
  • Elimination of periodic maintenance

Virtually eliminates long-term maintenance costs and contamination of critical components by means of SF6 gas-filled metal enclosures, automatic monitoring of operating mechanisms, and the SF6 gas system.

 
  • Installation & transportation

Installation time and costs are reduced since the system is shipped in a completely assembled bay or by unit.

 

DESIGN

  • Circuit Breaker

Kian Tajhiz’s circuit breaker uses superior arc quenching performance and the insulation characteristics of the SF6 gas and adopts the puffer-type, which has a simple operation principle and structure. With the double trip coil, it guarantees reliable circuit breaking and its few parts allow for simple maintenance.

  • Disconnecting Switch

Disconnecting switch is a device used to segment the charge current section partitioned by the circuit breaker. It is operated by an electric motor; however, it can be manually operated for maintenance tests. In addition, the user can check the switch status since the switch status display is connected to the control shaft in the control box.

  • Earthing Switches

The earthing switch is classified into two types according to its role. 1-Device earthing: manually and electrically controlled for maintenance 2-Line earthing: controlled at high-speed. It has an input capacity even when the line is energized. For preventing any unforeseen accidents, it is interlocked with associated circuit breaker and disconnecting switches.

  • Busbars

Most busbars up to 362kV use three-phase batch tank for reducing the number of parts and installation period. The conductors are automatically connected via the tulip contactor when the housing of the busbars is assembled. The expansion or shrinkage of conductors due to temperature changes can be compensated.

  • Current Transformers

Current transformer protects the system by sensing any abnormal current in the line and measuring the usual conductive current. Insulation by high-voltage is not required since this is in the enclosure grounded at both ends of the circuit breaker and isolated by the first conductor and SF6 gas.

  • Voltage Transformer

Voltage transformer is a small-sized transformer using high-reliable gas insulated winding. It monitors the voltage of the line or the busbar. Voltage transformer is classified into two types: Metering Out Fit (MOF) and general meters.

  • Lightning Arrester

The lightning arrester protects the power utilities from overvoltage due to lightnings or surges and prevents the utilities from breakdowns and blackouts. It uses Zine-Oxide Lightning Arrestor (ZLA) which removes the series gap using Zinc Oxide element.

  • Interfaces

The interface is classified into three types: 1- Gas-to-Oil Bushing: when the interface is directly connected to the transformer, the bushing separates the gas and insulation oil. The bellows compensates the tolerance and minimizes vibration. 2- Gas to Air Bushing: when the interface is directly connected to the feeder, the bushing filled with the SF6 gas is used. 3- Cable Sealing End: when the interface is directly connected to power cable

  • Design Process
  • Breaking Performance Analysis

Low current breaking performance: analyze changes in SF6 gas density cause by arc heat generated between the poles of the circuit breaker by the charge current of transmission line. High current breaking performance: analyze changes in SF6 gas density by the high arc heat which is generated when the circuit breaker blocks the abnormal current. For maximizing the breaking performance, phoenics and fluent, the arc analysis tools, are used for analyzing the SF6 gas density and flow

 

SPECIFICATION

 

GIS Type
Rated voltage (kV) 72.5 145 170 245/300
Breaking current (kA) 40 40 40/50 50
Rated current (A) 1,600/ 2,500 2,000/ 3,150 2,000/ 3,150/ 4,000 4,000/ 5,000
Phase per enclosure 3 3 3,1 1
Breakers per pole 1 1 1 1
Mechanical endurance M2 M2 M2 M2
Operating mechanism Spring Spring Pneumatic, Hydraulic, Spring Hydraulic, Spring
BIL (kVp) 325 650 750 1,050

 

 
GIS Type
Rated voltage (kV) 362 420 550 800 1,100
Breaking current (kA) 50/63 50/63 50/63 50 50
Rated current (A) 4,000~8,000 4,000 4,000/5,000 8,000 8,000
Phase per enclosure 1 1 1 1 1
Breakers per pole 2,1 1 2,1 2 2
Mechanical endurance M2 M2 M2 M2 M2
Operating mechanism hydraulic Spring, hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic hydraulic
BIL (kVp) 1,175 1,425 1,550 2,100 2,400